Summation based benchmark for calculators

[ttw]

Rewriting the inner loop as J DUP 2.* 1. + SQ 3. * / EXP shortens the S9+ down to 1.9535 seconds for 10,0000. It's no longer a comparable benchmark but it does illustrate that algorithm trumps hardware.

Back in 1975, Datamation had an article about the speedup in solving partial differential equations. From 1945 the speedup had been about 10^25. The hardware speedup was about 10^10 (Friden electrical calculator) and about 10^15 from software (Gauss-Seidel to Fast Fourier Transform methods, known by Gauss, of course.) To be fair, the speed of the Fast Fourier Transform only begins to pay off in big systems.