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(15C and 71B) Precession of the Equinoxes
11-23-2023, 06:33 PM
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(15C and 71B) Precession of the Equinoxes
Given a celestial object's right ascension (α) and declination (δ), we can calculate the new positions after N years by the formulas presented by The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas (see Source):

α' ≈ α0 + (3.075" + 1.336" × sin α0 × tan δ0) × N

δ' ≈ δ0 + (20.043" × cos α0) × N


Decimal degrees of seconds:

3.075" ≈ 854.1677 × 10^-6

1.336" ≈ 371.1111 × 10^-6

20.043" ≈ 5.5675 × 10^-3


According to the Handbook, the formulas are good for only several centuries, as the formulas are local approximations.



HP 15C Code: New Right Ascension (LBL A) and New Declination (LBL D)

Step: Key Code: Key


New Right Ascension, α'

Code:
001:  42, 21, 11:  LBL A
002:  __, 43, _7:  DEG
003:  __, __, _1:  1
004:  __, __, _3:  3
005:  __, __, _3:  3
006:  __, __, 48:  .
007:  __, __, _6:  6
008:  __, __, 26:  EEX
009:  __, __, _6:  6
010:  __, __, 16:  CHS
011:  __, 43, _2:  →H
012:  __, 45, _1:  RCL 1
013:  __, 43, _2:  →H
014:  __, __, 23:  SIN
015:  __, __, 20:  ×
016:  __, 45, _2:  RCL 2
017:  __, 43, _2:  →H
018:  __, __, 25:  TAN
019:  __, __, 20:  × 
020:  __, __, _3:  3
021:  __, __, _0:  0
022:  __, __, _7:  7
023:  __, __, 48:  .
024:  __, __, _5:  5
025:  __, __, 26:  EEX
026:  __, __, _6:  6
027:  __, __, 16:  CHS
028:  __, 43, _2:  →H
029:  __, __, 40:  +
030:  45, 20, _3:  RCL× 3
031:  __, 45, _1:  RCL 1
032:  __, 43, _2:  →H
033:  __, __, 40:  +
034:  __, 42, _2:  →H.MS
035:  __, 44, _4:  STO 4
036:  __, 43, 32:  RTN

New Declination: δ'

Code:
037:  42, 21, 14:  LBL B
038:  __, 43, _7:  DEG
039:  __, __, _2:  2
040:  __, __, 48:  .
041:  __, __, _0:  0
042:  __, __, _0:  0
043:  __, __, _4:  4
044:  __, __, _3:  3
045:  __, __, 26:  EEX
046:  __, __, _3:  3
047:  __, __, 16:  CHS
048:  __, 43, _2:  →H
049:  __, 45, _1:  RCL 1
050:  __, 43, _2:  →H
051:  __, __, 24:  COS
052:  __, __, 20:  × 
053:  45, 20, _3:  RCL× 3
054:  __, 45, _2:  RCL 2
055:  __, 43, _2:  →H
056:  __, __, 40:  +
057:  __, 42, _2:  →H.MS
058:  __, 44, _5:  STO 5
059:  __, 43, 32:  RTN


Variables Used:

R1 = α0: Initial Right Ascension (enter in DD.MMSS format)
R2 = δ0: Initial Declination (enter in DD.MMSS format)
R3 = N: Number of Years from 2000.

Outputs:

R4 = α': Final Right Ascension (in DD.MMSS format)
R5 = δ': Final Declination (in DD.MMSS format)


HP 71B Code: PRECES

Note: I had battery problems with the HP 71B, so I'm writing this code from written notes.

Code:
100  DEGREES
110  PRINT "PRECESSION" @ WAIT 0.25
120  PRINT "EPOCH J2000.0"  @ WAIT 0.25
130  INPUT "R.A. °,M,S ?"; H,M,S
140  GOSUB 500 @ A0 = X
150  INPUT "DEC °,M,S? "; H,M,S
160  GOSUB 500 @ D0 = X
170  INPUT "# YEARS? "; N
180  A1 = A0 + (854.1667E-6 + 371.1111E-6 * SIN(A0) * TAN(D0)) * N
190  D1 = D0 + (5.5675E-3 * COS(A0)) * N
200  X = A1 @ GOSUB 600 
210  H1 = H @ M1 = M @ S1 = S @ G1 = G
220  PRINT "R.A. ADJ=" @ WAIT 0.25
230  PRINT G1*H1; "°"; M1; "m"; S1; "s" @ PAUSE
240  X = D1 @ GOSUB 600
250  H2 = H @ M2 = M @ S2 = S @ G2 = G
260  PRINT "DEC ADJ=" @ WAIT 0.25
270  PRINT G2*H2; "°"; M2; "m"; S2; "s"
280  END

500  X=SGN(H) * (ABS(H) + M/60 + S/3600)
510  RETURN

600  G = SGN(X) @ X=ABS(X) @ H=IP(X)
610  M = IP(FP(X) * 60)
620  S = FP(FP(X) * 60) * 60
630  RETURN


Examples


First Point of Aries (Vernal Equinox)

α0 = 0° 00' 00"
δ0 = 0° 00' 00"

N = 100
α' ≈ 5'08" (0.0508)
δ' ≈ 33'24" (0.3324)


Regulus (Alpha Leonis (Leo))

α0 ≈ 5° 55' 10"
δ0 ≈ 7° 24' 25"

N = 100
α' ≈ 6° 00' 19"
δ' ≈ 7° 57' 39"

Sagittarius A* (Center of the Milky Way Galaxy)

α0 ≈ 17° 45' 40"
δ0 ≈ -29° 00' 28"

N = 100
α' ≈ 17° 50' 25"
δ' ≈ -28° 28' 39"


Betelgeuse (Alpha Orionis (Orion))

α0 ≈ 10° 28' 22"
δ0 ≈ 11° 58' 02"

N = 100
α' ≈ 10° 13' 34"
δ' ≈ 12° 30' 55"


Source

Woan, Gaham. The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas 2003 Edition. Cambridge University Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-511-07589-6
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